Every year, many pets become seriously ill due to antifreeze poisoning, and it’s a distressing situation that could often be prevented. Antifreeze, commonly used in cars, contains ethylene glycol, which is extremely toxic to dogs and cats. Dogs are more commonly exposed but cats are extremely sensitive (1 tsp is potentially lethal to an adult cat). Engine leak is the most common source of exposure, and a home garage is the most common exposure location. As responsible pet owners, it’s crucial to recognize the signs of this deadly toxin, so that you can take action immediately.
Why is Antifreeze So Dangerous for Dogs and Cats?
Antifreeze is particularly alluring to pets because of its sweet taste, which can be tempting for our canine companions. It is rapidly absorbed (blood levels detectable in 30 minutes) and just a small amount can be lethal, leading to kidney failure, nervous system damage, and, in many cases, death. As soon as you suspect your dog might have ingested antifreeze, it is essential to seek emergency veterinary attention.
Early Signs of Antifreeze Poisoning in Pets
Below are the signs that will show up early if a pet drank antifreeze (within 30 minutes to 12 hours):
Acting drunk or uncoordinated can indicate a cat or dog drank antifreeze
Classic “drunken sailor” behavior: Look for stumbling, dizziness, or any unsteady behavior. These signs may be noted within 1-2 hours of ingestion.
Stuporous mentation (nearly unconscious) is a sign of antifreeze poisoning in pets
Pets may appear depressed, nearly unconscious within 1-2 hours of ingestion. The stupor phase gradually subsides over several hours and may go unnoticed, especially in outdoor pets. Owner’s might feel that the pet is “getting better.”
Excessive drinking and urination may mean a cat or dog ingested antifreeze
Pet owners whose cat or dog drank antifreeze may see a sudden increase in their pet's drinking and urination.
Nausea and anorexia is a sign a dog or cat drank antifreeze
Some pets might appear nauseous (lip smacking), drool excessively, or even vomit. Some pet’s will also lose interest in eating.
Pet drinking antifreeze can lead to seizures and tremors
In more severe cases or larger ingestions, your pet might experience seizures and tremors. This unfortunately indicates a grave prognosis.
Late Symptoms of Antifreeze Poisoning in Pets
Read below to know what to look for in the later stages of pet's antifreeze poisoning (12 to 72 hours after ingestion):
Depression or lethargy from ethylene glycol ingestion
Pets will start to gradually show more weakness and depression in late stages of antifreeze poisoning. A dog or cat may seem particularly tired and uninterested in their surroundings.
Antifreeze ingestion can cause difficulty breathing in dog or cat
Respiratory issues can arise, and your pet might start breathing quicker and more labored than normal in the later stages of antifreeze poisoning.
Antifreeze poisoning in cats or dogs can lead to kidney failure
Symptoms might include a decrease or cessation of urine production, painful kidneys (pain when the back area is touched), vomiting and anorexia.
Cat or dog may drift into a coma as a late symptom of antifreeze poisoning
In the worst cases of antifreeze poisoning, pets might fall into a coma.
Immediate Actions to Take if You Suspect Your Cat or Dog Licked Antifreeze
If you believe your pet has ingested antifreeze, time is of the essence. The greatest window of opportunity for intervention is <8-12 hours after exposure in dogs, and <2 hours after exposure in cats. Do not wait to see if symptoms develop. The prognosis is worse >12-24 hours after ingestion, when overt clinical signs are prominent. It’s crucial to act immediately:
Contact a VEG emergency vet immediately for your cat or dog
Explain the situation clearly, including the amount you believe was ingested and any symptoms you’ve noticed.
Do not try at-home treatments if pet licked antifreeze
While it’s tempting to search for a quick remedy for antifreeze poisoning, this could lead to more harm. You must contact an experienced emergency vet at your nearest VEG.
Keep your pet calm if you suspect your cat or dog drank antifreeze
As you prepare to take your pet to the vet, keep them as calm and comfortable as possible.
Prevention is the Best Cure for Pet Antifreeze Poisoning
The best way to prevent antifreeze poisoning is to ensure that your pet never comes into contact with it. Below are tips to follow:
Store antifreeze securely: Make sure it’s out of your pet’s reach and in a sealed container.
Check your car for leaks: Even a small puddle can be tempting for your pet.
Clean up any spills immediately: If you spill any antifreeze, clean it up right away and prevent your pet from accessing the area. You can use cat litter to clean up spills.
Use pet-safe antifreeze: There are antifreeze products available that are less toxic to pets. Consider switching to one of these options.
VEG Emergency Pet Hospital is Open 24 Hours to Help
At the VEG, our team is trained to handle emergency situations like antifreeze poisoning. If you suspect your pet has ingested antifreeze or is showing any related symptoms, do not hesitate to visit one of our locations. We prioritize your pet’s health and well-being.
In conclusion, awareness is the key. Understanding the symptoms of antifreeze poisoning and acting promptly can mean the difference between life and death for your furry friend. Always be vigilant and put safety measures in place to protect your pet from such dangers.
